Description
Deeply understand and analyze the process conditions and control requirements of the controlled object
The controlled object is the controlled mechanical, electrical equipment, production line or production process.
Control requirements mainly refer to the basic mode of control, actions to be completed, composition of automatic working cycle, necessary protection and interlocking, etc. For more complex control systems, the control task can also be divided into several independent parts, which can reduce complexity to simplicity and is conducive to programming and debugging.
Identify I/O devices
According to the functional requirements of the controlled object for the PLC control system, determine the user input and output equipment required by the system. Common input devices include buttons, selector switches, travel switches, sensors, etc. Common output devices include relays, contactors, indicator lights, solenoid valves, etc.
Select the appropriate PLC type
According to the determined user I/O equipment, count the number of input signals and output signals required, and select the appropriate PLC type, including the selection of model, capacity, I/O module, power module, etc.
Assign I/O points
Assign input and output points of PLC, prepare input/output distribution table or draw wiring diagram of input/output terminals. Then nine can carry out PLC program design, control cabinet or operation console design and on-site construction.
Design application system ladder program
According to the working function chart or state flow chart, the ladder diagram is designed, that is, programming. This step is the core work of the whole application system design, and it is also a difficult step. To design the ladder diagram well, you must first be familiar with the control requirements, and at the same time have some practical experience in electrical design.
Input program into PLC
When a simple programmer is used to input a program into the PLC, it is necessary to convert the ladder diagram into an instruction mnemonic for input. When the auxiliary programming software of the programmable controller is used to program on the computer, the program can be downloaded to the PLC through the connecting cable of the upper and lower computers.
Perform software testing
After the program is input into PLC, the test shall be carried out first. Because in the process of program design, there will inevitably be omissions. Therefore, before connecting the PLC to the field equipment, it is necessary to carry out software testing to eliminate the errors in the program, and at the same time lay a good foundation for the overall debugging and shorten the overall debugging cycle.
Overall debugging of application system
After the PLC software and hardware design, control cabinet and site construction are completed, the online commissioning of the whole system can be carried out. If the control system is composed of several parts, the local commissioning shall be carried out first, and then the overall commissioning shall be carried out; If there are many steps in the control program, it can be debugged in sections first, and then connected to the general debugging. Problems found during debugging shall be eliminated one by one until debugging is successful.
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